Constitutional Guardrails on Public Debt

Requires public participation and transparency in all financial matters, fair sharing of the tax burden, prudent use of money, and equitable sharing of borrowing burdens and benefits between present and future generations.

Mandates that every shilling raised or received by the national government—including external loans—be paid into the Consolidated Fund, and forbids any withdrawal without parliamentary appropriation and Controller of Budget approval.

Restricts national government borrowing to terms and debt limits set by Parliament, and compels the Finance Cabinet Secretary to table full loan details—principal, interest, use of funds, and repayment status—within 7 days of a resolution by either House.

Establishes that any holder of a public or political office who directs or approves the use of public funds contrary to law or instructions is personally liable for any resulting loss—even after leaving office.

Mandates an independent Auditor-General to audit and report annually on the accounts of national and county governments, public debt, courts, commissions, and state corporations, confirming whether public money was spent lawfully and effectively.